Cognitive Scaffold

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MENTAL MODEL · M5817

Hard Landing

Hard Landing
BusinessHigh supportMacroeconomics
Included
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Version 1.0.0 · Updated 2026-07-28

CORE DEFINITION

A hard landing refers to an aircraft or spacecraft striking the ground with a greater vertical speed and force than during a normal landing. Generally, the vertical speed of a spacecraft returning to the ground is about 2 meters per second; faster vertical speeds are classified by the crew as a hard landing.

SCAFFOLDING EFFECT

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A hard landing refers to an aircraft or spacecraft striking the ground with a greater vertical speed and force than during a normal landing. Generally, the vertical speed of a spacecraft returning to the ground is about 2 meters per second; faster vertical speeds are classified by the crew as a hard landing.

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Anchor fast decisions

An overheated economy, due to a sudden policy shift or an excessive bubble, cannot smoothly decelerate and is forced to clear out through severe recession, unemployment, and bankruptcy. This is like an aircraft with excessive vertical speed crashing into the runway. The larger the bubble and the more abrupt the policy turn, the harder it is to achieve a soft landing.

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Source support: Explicit

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    zh.wikipedia.orghttps://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E8%91%97%E9%99%B8ZH · Explicit
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