Shapley Value
Version 1.0.0 · Updated 2026-07-30
CORE DEFINITION
In a cooperative game involving multiple players, how can total gains be fairly distributed? The Shapley value provides a mathematically unique fair solution: a player's payoff should equal the average of his marginal contributions to all possible coalitions. - Scaffolding role: The ultimate algorithm for contribution attribution. - This is also the core algorithm of modern Explainable AI (SHAP). When distributing team bonuses, do not only look at position or working hours, but ask: 'If this person were removed, how much would the team's output drop on average?' Only distribution based on marginal contribution is mathematically the most stable.
SCAFFOLDING EFFECT
Reduce cognitive load
The ultimate algorithm for contribution attribution. - This is also the core algorithm of modern Explainable AI (SHAP). When distributing team bonuses, do not only look at position or working hours, but ask: 'If this person were removed, how much would the team's output drop on average?' Only distribution based on marginal contribution is mathematically the most stable.
Anchor fast decisions
For an n-person cooperative game, a player's value is the weighted average of his marginal contributions across all possible joining orders (coalition sequences). It satisfies four axioms: efficiency, symmetry, dummy player, and additivity, and is the unique solution. Essentially, it is 'fairly dividing the cake based on average marginal contribution'.
MINIMUM ACTION
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Source support: Explicit
- en.wikipedia.orghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapley_valueverified
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