Cognitive Scaffold

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MENTAL MODEL · M7321

First Principles of Instruction

First Principles of Instruction
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Version 1.0.0 · Updated 2026-07-30

CORE DEFINITION

- Focus on problems, activate prior knowledge, demonstrate new knowledge, apply practice, integrate into real-world contexts. Scaffolding role: maximize instructional effectiveness. Merrill's meta-principles integrating various instructional theories.

SCAFFOLDING EFFECT

psychology

Reduce cognitive load

Maximize instructional effectiveness. Merrill's meta-principles integrating various instructional theories.

anchor

Anchor fast decisions

Merrill summarizes common principles of effective instruction: centered on real problems, activating prior knowledge, demonstrating new knowledge, applying practice, and integrating into real-world contexts, aligning with the transfer logic of 'learning for use'.

MINIMUM ACTION

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Practice this model in one real situation:

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Source support: Explicit

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    en.wikipedia.orghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Principles_of_InstructionZH · Explicit
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