MENTAL MODEL · M6715

MOORA

DecideHigh supportDecision Science

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Updated 2026-08-11

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INTRODUCTION

English translation pending.

CORE DEFINITION

Multi-Objective Optimization on the basis of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) evaluates alternatives by normalizing the decision matrix, typically with vector normalization, and then combining criteria according to their direction. Scores on benefit criteria, where larger is better, are added, and scores on cost criteria, where smaller is better, are subtracted. The resulting ratio value orders the alternatives, with larger values preferred. The method's appeal is its transparency: the aggregation is arithmetic, so the contribution of each criterion to the final ranking can be traced. The basic form weights all criteria equally, and extensions add weights. It assumes the criteria are compensatory.

SCAFFOLDING EFFECT

psychology

Reduce cognitive load

- Use direction labels: mark every criterion as benefit or cost before combining anything. - Use transparent arithmetic: add benefit scores and subtract cost scores so each contribution is traceable. - Use weighted variant: apply weights when criteria differ in importance rather than accepting the equal-weight default.

anchor

Anchor fast decisions

Multi-objective comparison becomes tractable once the criteria are reduced to a common scale and combined by direction. Vector normalization removes units so criteria on different scales can be combined. Assigning a sign by direction then encodes the trade-off directly: a benefit adds to the score and a cost subtracts from it. Because the operation is plain addition and subtraction, any ranking can be decomposed into the contributions of individual criteria, which makes the method easy to explain and audit. The cost of that simplicity is an assumption of full compensability.

MINIMUM ACTION

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Practice this model in one real situation:

Build the decision matrix and normalize it. 2. Classify each criterion as benefit or cost type. 3. Sum the benefit scores for each alternative. 4. Subtract the cost scores from that sum. 5. Rank the alternatives by the resulting value, largest first.

Check to track your progress (stored locally)

Learning progress0%

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Source support: Explicit

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eudml.orghttps://eudml.org/doc/209425ZH · Explicit
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