MENTAL MODEL · M1723

Complex of Deficiency and Excess

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Version 1.0.0 · Updated 2026-07-31

CORE DEFINITION

The most common state in chronic diseases. Both deficiency of vital qi (deficiency) and retention of pathogenic qi (excess) coexist. For example, 'spleen deficiency with dampness abundance'.

SCAFFOLDING EFFECT

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Walking a tightrope. Pure deficiency or pure excess is rare. Treating the complex of deficiency and excess is like walking a tightrope: supplementing deficiency may easily aid the pathogen (e.g., supplementing the spleen may aggravate dampness), while dispelling pathogen may easily harm the vital qi (e.g., dispelling dampness may damage qi). It is necessary to precisely grasp the proportion of supplementation and elimination.

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TCM pathogenesis: deficiency of vital qi and excess of pathogenic qi coexist. Deficiency sites are prone to retain pathogens, and excess pathogens further damage vital qi, forming a lingering and difficult-to-resolve disease trend.

MINIMUM ACTION

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In syndrome differentiation, it is necessary to distinguish the amount and priority of deficiency and excess, and to apply both attacking and supplementing methods, addressing both the root and branch. Avoid pure supplementation that retains pathogens or pure attack that harms vital qi.

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Source support: Explicit

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baike.baidu.comhttps://baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%99%9A%E5%AE%9E%E5%A4%B9%E6%9D%82ZH · Explicit
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