Holon
Version 1.0.0 · Updated 2026-07-28
CORE DEFINITION
A holon (from Greek 'holos' meaning whole, with the suffix '-on' suggesting a particle or part) is something that is both a whole and a part. The term was coined by Arthur Koestler in his 1967 book 'The Ghost in the Machine' to describe entities that are self-contained wholes to their subordinated parts, while simultaneously being dependent parts of a larger whole. Examples include cells within organs, individuals within societies, and words within sentences.
SCAFFOLDING EFFECT
Reduce cognitive load
When analyzing hierarchical systems, identify each level's holon identity, noting how each entity is both a whole and a part. Use this to understand recursive structures and inter-level relationships.
Anchor fast decisions
Arthur Koestler proposed that entities are both wholes and parts (holons), such as a cell in relation to an organ. This dissolves the strict dichotomy of 'whole' and 'part'.
MINIMUM ACTION
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Source support: Explicit
- en.wikipedia.orghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holonverified
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