Cognitive Scaffold

Preparing your thinking workspace

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MENTAL MODEL · M0047

WRAP Decision Model

WRAP Decision Model
DecideHigh supportDecision Science
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Version 1.0.0 · Updated 2026-07-30

CORE DEFINITION

WRAP is the four-step decision framework presented by Chip Heath and Dan Heath in Decisive: Widen your options, Reality-test your assumptions, Attain distance before deciding, and Prepare to be wrong.

SCAFFOLDING EFFECT

psychology

Reduce cognitive load

Schedule four checks for an important choice, addressing narrow options, selective search for supporting evidence, short-term emotion, and overconfidence. Use them to add overlooked alternatives, disconfirming evidence, and plans for adjustment.

anchor

Anchor fast decisions

Widening options addresses narrow framing; reality-testing seeks information that could refute assumptions; gaining distance helps reconsider judgments shaped by short-term emotion; setting adjustment conditions addresses overconfidence and uncertainty. This is a decision-checking process, not a guarantee of good outcomes.

MINIMUM ACTION

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Practice this model in one real situation:

Check to track your progress (stored locally)
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Source support: Explicit

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